DOI
https://doi.org/10.18849/ve.v7i1.522Abstract
PICO question
In cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), does treatment with the nucleoside analogue GS-441524 or the protease inhibitor GC376, compared to supportive measures alone, lead to longer survival times?
Clinical bottom line
Category of research question
Treatment
The number and type of study designs reviewed
Five studies, including four uncontrolled interventional studies and one case-series were critically reviewed
Strength of evidence
Moderate
Outcomes reported
The reviewed studies collectively provide moderate evidence in support of the application of GS-441524 or GC376 to extend the survival time of cats suffering from feline infectious peritonitis
Conclusion
While these antiviral drugs are considered the most likely options for FIP treatment, more robust evidence should be obtained through well-designed randomised controlled trials to verify the observed positive effects in treating various forms of the disease and the potential long-term side effects. However, the ethical dilemmas of conducting double blinded placebo-controlled trials, which by necessity include untreated cats with an invariably fatal disease are recognised
How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
References
Dickinson, P. J., Bannasch, M., Thomasy, S. M., Murthy, V. D., Vernau, K. M., Liepnieks, M., Montgomery, E., Knickelbein, K. E., Murphy, B. & Pedersen, N. C. (2020). Antiviral treatment using the adenosine nucleoside analogue GS-441524 in cats with clinically diagnosed neurological feline infectious peritonitis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. 34(4), 1587–1593. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15780
Izes, A. M., Yu J., Norris, J. M. & Govendir, M. (2020). Current status on treatment options for feline infectious peritonitis and SARS-CoV-2 positive cats. Veterinary Quarterly. 40(1), 322–330. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2020.1845917
Kennedy, M. A. (2020). Feline Infectious Peritonitis: Update on Pathogenesis, Diagnostics, and Treatment. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice. 50(5), 1001–1011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2020.05.002
Kim, Y., Liu, H., Galasiti Kankanamalage, A. C., Weerasekara, S., Hua, D. H., Groutas, W. C., Chang, K-O. & Pedersen, N. C. (2016). Reversal of the Progression of Fatal Coronavirus Infection in Cats by a Broad-Spectrum Coronavirus Protease Inhibitor. PLoS Pathogens. 12(5), e1005531. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005531
Murphy, B. G., Perron, M., Murakami, E., Bauer, K., Park, Y., Eckstrand, C., Liepnieks, M. & Pedersen, N. C. (2018). The nucleoside analog GS-441524 strongly inhibits feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus in tissue culture and experimental cat infection studies. Veterinary Microbiology. 219, 226–233. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.04.026
Pedersen, N. C., Kim, Y., Liu, H., Galasiti Kankanamalage, A. C., Eckstrand, C., Groutas, W. C., Bannasch, M., Meadows, J. M., & Chang, K-O. (2018). Efficacy of a 3C-like protease inhibitor in treating various forms of acquired feline infectious peritonitis. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 20(4), 378–392. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1098612X17729626
Pedersen, N. C., Perron, M., Bannasch, M., Montgomery, E., Murakami, E., Liepnieks, M. & Liu, H. (2019). Efficacy and safety of the nucleoside analog GS-441524 for treatment of cats with naturally occurring feline infectious peritonitis. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery. 21(4), 271–281. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1098612X19825701
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Omid Nekouei, Sophie St-Hilaire, Pak Chun Hui, Karen Chan, Isabel Sumyi Chan, Sum Yuet Lorraine Ngan, Yion Chan, Ka Po Chung, Sunguk Hong, Hiu Man Chan, Hoi Lam Iris Or, Fong Yuen Chan, Hei Tung Yim, Vanessa R. Barrs
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Veterinary Evidence uses the Creative Commons copyright Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. That means users are free to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. Remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially - with the appropriate citation.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Omid Nekouei, San Tung Wong, Tiffany Ka Yi Leung, Qi An Ngai, Wing Sum Wong, Angel Almendros, Effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in cats with chronic gingivostomatitis , Veterinary Evidence: Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024): The first issue of 2024
